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Located in Paris's heart, PSL University combines excellence and diversity to bring together all areas of knowledge and creation in arts, engineering, science, humanities, and social sciences. With 17,000 students and 4,500 lecturers-researchers, Paris Sciences & Lettres is comparable to the largest universities globally: it favors the ability to act with a simple side effect. This university, winner of Investissements d'Avenir, brings together nine member institutions and three research organizations and associated founding institutions, all of them determined to offer their communities unprecedented opportunities in the field of training, research, and development. , industrial and academic national and international partnerships. Nursery of 26 Nobel prizes, 10 Fields medals, 3 Abel prizes, 44 Cesar, and 75 Molière, PSL concentrates exceptional strengths. Chosen for their talents and carefully supervised, PSL students draw in this varied scientific and cultural environment all the resources necessary to develop their intellectual qualities, their daring, and their creativity. Whether they become artists, entrepreneurs, researchers, or leaders, all are aware of their social, individual, and collective responsibility. All are open to the opportunities of a globalized world all are prepared for the significant changes of the current professional world. Attentive to its students' choice, PSL promotes the diversity of profiles, regardless of their social status, gender, or geographical origin. A major cultural and artistic center, PSL offers its communities and a large public its many resources: conferences, debates, exhibitions, shows, concerts ... It establishes global strategic partnerships with the largest universities in the world. Closely linked to the world of business, it helps transform the results of its research into a real driver of innovation and economic growth. Its five years of existence have created nearly 70 start-ups, filed more than 380 patents, and signed nearly 3,000 industrial partnerships. The College trains chemical engineers and chemists to assume high-level positions in the chemical and related industries. Our graduates find employment in the chemical industry, metallurgy, ceramics, polymers, nuclear, water treatment, process engineering, pharmacy, risk management, among many other technical domains. The school was founded in 1896 by Charles Friedel, chemist, and mineralogist, co-discoverer of the famous Friedel-Crafts reaction. Henri Moissan, director of Chimie ParisTech between 1899 and 1907, was awarded the Nobel prize in chemistry in 1906 to isolate fluorine and develop a high-temperature furnace. Successful applicants will receive from the director of Chimie ParisTech an admission letter, which will provide information on the tuition fees, social insurance fees, complementary health insurance fees, and the date of the study's commencement. The College trains chemical engineers and chemists to assume high-level positions in the chemical and related industries. Our graduates find employment in the chemical industry, metallurgy, ceramics, polymers, nuclear, water treatment, process engineering, pharmacy, risk management, among many other technical domains. View full university

The "École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique" (ENSAE) is one of the leading French graduate schools in the fields of statistics, economics, finance and actuarial science. ENSAE is a founding member of the Paris Institute of Technology (ParisTech), together with some of France's most prestigious graduate schools of engineering (the so-called "Grandes écoles"). ENSAE is deeply related to the Center for Research in Economics and Statistics (CREST), one of France's leading research centers in economics, statistics, and finance. More recently, ENSAE became a founding member of the Paris-Saclay University. University partnerships extend to all excellence of ENSAE-CREST: economics, statistics, insurance, and finance. ENSAE's faculty includes some of the country's foremost specialists in their fields. Most lecturers at ENSAE are full-time professors or researchers, but many are professionals working in large public or private corporations. About a hundred and fifty students graduate each year from ENSAE. After completing a program comparable to the first year of study for a North-American Ph. D. or a top-level North-American Master's Degree in Economics or Statistics. Two-thirds of ENSAE graduates join banks or insurance companies. Many of the others obtain academic positions or work as consultants or auditors. Over fifty percents of ENSAE graduates work in the field of finance. The academic background of ENSAE students is extensive. Some of them are admitted through a competitive examination after two or three years in the post-secondary school preparatory programs (the so-called "classes préparatoires"). Others are graduates of the top French graduate schools such as Ecole Normale Supérieure, Ecole Polytechnique, and other Grandes Ecoles. Others are university graduates in either economics or mathematics. ENSAE also welcomes international students who have graduated from top graduate schools of comparable standards in their own countries. Depending on their background and needs, these students can be admitted either into the first or into the second year of the mainstream three-year engineering program, or the fifteen-month graduate program "Mastère Spécialisé" in Actuarial Science, Data Science, Quantitative Finance or Applied Economics. Ph.D. students who have passed their qualifying examinations can join the CREST to work on their dissertation. The word "actuary" appears for the first time in the 18th century in England: "expert who calculates risks and insurance premiums." The Larousse dictionary defines him today as a "specialist who makes statistical calculations for insurance." This is a somewhat narrow view; he should instead be considered as a specialist in risk management in insurance companies. He conducts studies to mathematically model these risks (development and pricing of insurance contracts, evaluation of financial products, investment choices, financial risk management). He also controls the legal, accounting, tax, and commercial aspects in which he intervenes. Historically, actuarial studies have emerged as soon as the problem of organizing and financing a system of insurance on life arose. Today, the actuary's work has extended to all insurance systems (pension and insurance plans, personal insurance, fire insurance, accident, and different risks). Required to take part in the management of substantial funds collected by insurance companies, the actuary must also have some knowledge of quantitative finance. Created in 1891 by the French Institute of Actuaries, the title of "actuary" was initially intended for professionals successfully passing a qualifying examination. Since 1930, a degree has also been issued by way of training by the University of Lyon (ISFA) and, gradually, by several universities and Grandes Ecoles, including ENSAE in 1985. The actuarial movement in France is managed today by the Institute of Actuaries. In 2015, it had 3000 associated or qualified members. There are about 200 newly trained actuaries every year. The Actuarial major allows ENSAE students to acquire a solid methodological base and present their application to the Institute of Actuaries to become associate members. Historically, the core business of the actuary was the pricing of insurance contracts and provision for commitments related to these contracts. In casualty insurance, nearly 70% of the companies' liabilities consist of provisions for outstanding claims. Their impact on the income of insurance companies makes their assessment strategies. That is why senior actuaries in insurance companies are led to hold managerial and senior positions. For this, they must have advanced knowledge of statistics, computer science, and insurance. The risks of natural disasters and the industrial risks of large groups increasingly affect non-life insurance companies' liabilities. The use of reinsurance products has become a necessity for the solvency of companies. It is thus clear that actuaries naturally find their place in insurance and reinsurance companies to establish risk-sharing mechanisms. The inversion of the insurance production cycle leads companies to collect large sums of money and manage them intelligently. The number of assets managed by life insurers at the end of 2014 amounted to over 1,900 billion euros (source: FFSA). The actuary has a privileged place to occupy in asset-liability management and asset allocation trades. These jobs require excellent knowledge of portfolio management tools and financial mathematics. The development of retirement savings plans over the last fifteen years in France has brought job opportunities and prospects for actuaries. Actuarial firms, internal audit departments of insurance companies, and the regulatory authority (ACP, Prudential Control Authority) finally offer cross-functional positions to actuaries in control and auditing. In summary, the actuary degree allows us to occupy high-level positions in insurance companies. It provides the basic knowledge required for career-oriented towards education and research in assurance. View full university

Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, created in 1747 under the name École Royale des Ponts et Chaussées, is a higher education establishment that trains engineers to a high level of scientific, technical, and general competency. Apart from civil engineering and spatial planning, historically, the source of its prestige, the School develops high-quality programs and research associated with the energy transition. The Graduate School, underpinned by the excellence of its 12 research labs, develops Masters and Ph.D. programs in mechanical and civil engineering, materials sciences, nuclear engineering, mathematics, information technology, environmental sciences, urban planning, transportation, economics, and sociology. Through its subsidiaries or in its own right, it develops initial education and lifelong learning closely connected with different sectors of the economy. Building the worlds of tomorrow. Tackling significant societal challenges has been essential to the School’s history and continues to guide it. So building a future in a world that is becoming aware that resources are limited and that human activities affect the environment at a planetary scale, is a formidable challenge that the young generations graduating from the School will need to take on. In a fast-changing environment of globalized education and research, with growing international competition, École des Ponts ParisTech maintains its aspiration to be a leading international player in higher education and research. Since January 1, 1994, École des Ponts ParisTech has been officially recognized in France as a public scientific, cultural, and professional institution (EPSCP). It is accountable to the Ministry of the Environment, Energy, and the Sea (MEEM). This legal status allows it to foster initiatives that encourage dynamic development. The Scientific Council is responsible for proposing priorities for scientific policy to the School Council. It may be consulted on any issue relating to the performance of the laboratories and Ph.D. programs. The chair is selected by MEEM (Ministry of the Environment, Energy, and the Sea) from the different individuals appointed. In France, the building of roads, bridges, and canals was, for a long time, the sole prerogative of aristocrats, merchant associations, or monastic orders. With Colbert, more effective policies emerged, but technicians were recruited on an ad hoc basis. It was not until 1716 that an adequately appointed corps of engineers was created by royal order: the Corps des Ingénieurs des Ponts et Chaussées. The introduction of a specific training program for this corps was decided by the Royal Order of February 14, 1747, the School’s founding act. Moreover, until 1794, the School was marked by the personality of its director, Jean-Rodolphe Perronet, engineer, talented administrator, and erudite scholar. They contributed to the production of Alembert and Diderot’s Encyclopaedia. At this time, the School had around fifty students (Lebon, Bernardin de Saint-Pierre, Méchain, Brémontier…) and not one teacher. The students taught themselves and each other to obtain a theoretical grounding in geometry, algebra, mechanics, hydraulic. A relatively intense practical training underpinned the theoretical instruction through annual assignments to provincial construction sites or through collaborations with scientists and aristocrats. This practical aspect of the training was also reflected in the requirement for the students to take part in the mapping of the Kingdom. The assessment was based on several factors: work rate, previous studies, outside courses, the annual assignments, classes taught, and examination results. The period of study could, therefore, last from 4 to 12 years. The education gradually became structured, and Ponts et Chaussées engineers steadily increased their prerogatives, obtaining a virtual monopoly over planning and development. With the Revolution, the authoritarian nature of this policy came under attack, and the idea emerged of creating a dominant school bringing together students from Ponts, Mines, and Génie. The École Polytechnique thus came into being in 1795, and Ecole des Ponts was retained as an applied school. View full university